Question 1

What is the BCG vaccine?

Accepted Answer

It is a live attenuated vaccine derived from Mycobacterium bovis that helps reduce the risk of tuberculosis, particularly severe forms in children.

Question 2

Who should receive BCG?

Accepted Answer

It is typically administered to newborns or young infants in regions with high TB incidence. Older unvaccinated children or adults may receive it if at high risk of exposure.

Question 3

How effective is BCG?

Accepted Answer

Its effectiveness varies — it provides strong protection against severe TB in children but offers more variable protection against adult pulmonary TB, depending on geography and bacterial strain.

Question 4

How many doses are required?

Accepted Answer

A single dose is usually sufficient; re-vaccination is not routinely recommended.

Question 5

Does BCG interfere with TB testing?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Prior BCG vaccination can cause a false-positive tuberculin skin test (Mantoux). In such cases, TB blood tests (IGRAs) are preferred, as they are not affected by BCG vaccination.

Question 6

Can someone vaccinated with BCG still get TB?

Accepted Answer

Yes. BCG does not provide complete immunity, and pulmonary TB can still occur, especially in adults.

Question 7

Is BCG safe during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

BCG is generally not recommended during pregnancy. However, if administered inadvertently, the risk to the foetus is considered low, and further management should be guided by a healthcare professional.